August 27, 2011

Blogging for Small Museums-An Introduction

Guest Blog by Heather Widener, the Virginia Association of Museums

Why Should a Museum Start a Blog?

The answer to
this question will be different for different types and sizes of museums, but
for all museums, realize that a blog can be a way to amplify and add interest
to the “message” you want to send to your audience. It’s also a great way to
build that audience by helping a museum link with people who are interested in
the topics that they are blogging about. For example, a blog written by a
curator of an old train depot museum may be indexed according to the topic
“steam trains” and end up catching the eye of someone passionate about old
trains. Also, it’s a great way to have content on the web that is changing –
more quickly than your museum website will likely change, but less
minute-to-minute than Facebook or Twitter (automatic ‘feeds’ can be set up so
that when a new blog is posted, it will appear on your museum’s Facebook wall
(and similarly, Facebook posts can be ‘fed’ to Twitter)). There are myriad
approaches to a blog. There are museum blogs, such as this one from Wilton
House Museum in Richmond
http://foundinthecollection.blogspot.com
), which focus on collections. Others focus on events and are a tool for
outreach and marketing. Still others are more programming-related.

Regardless of your
blog’s focus (and it should have a defined focus), a blog allows you to lend a
personal aspect to the museum’s online presence. Your museum website likely
does not have a ‘personal face’ –a blog can give you that. A great example of
this is the blog for the Edith Bolling Wilson Birthplace Foundation and Museum
in Wytheville, VA (
http://edithbollingwilson.org/?p=1485
). Leslie King, former director at the museum, did a wonderful job lending a
conversational voice to the topics of her museum’s blog, and making it “fun” to
visit. For example, when the museum began a twitter account, they called it the
Cyber Canary (based upon some history related to Edith Bolling Wilson), and
held a “contest” to come up with an appropriate name for the museum’s “canary”
(they chose Cecil). Read the post here, and you’ll see what I mean:
http://edithbollingwilson.org/?page_id=1026
. Developing a purpose and voice for your museum blog should be first and
foremost as you plan its development. A blog with no consistent purpose or
voice will flounder. Because Virginia Association of Museums is such a diverse association
that represents museum professionals doing a wide variety of jobs in many
different types and sizes of museums, we found this area challenging. So, we
focused our blog’s purpose around “Perspectives from the Field” (the tagline in
the blog header –
http://vamuseums.blogspot.com
). This allows us a great deal of leeway in the types of posts we share, and it
invites participation – from professionals who may want to author a blog post
as well as from readers who may want to comment and join the discussion.

Blog Content

Who is going to
write for your blog? How often will posts appear? How will your organization
plan out the blog posts as part of its greater communications plan? These are
questions to consider prior to getting started as well. While you want your
blog to develop its own “voice” (usually much more casual and conversational
than, say a website page describing a program or a newsletter to members), it
will become stale before too long if you don’t “mix it up a little” with guest bloggers,
various perspectives, and just a little of the unexpected. Whatever you do,
don’t develop a blog because it seems like “the next big thing” or because
“everyone else has a blog.” Take stock of your overall communications plan,
your organization’s mission, and your resources. So many professionals in
museums today are over-extended as it is. If a blog is not a possibility for
your museum at this time, or doesn’t fit with your organizational focus, then
don’t start one, and don’t feel badly about it! If, however, you have an
interesting collection and a curator who loves to discuss pieces in it, perhaps
a great way to tell those artifacts’ stories would be through that person
spearheading a collections focused blog. Or, perhaps your museum is focused on
creating richer programming for families. A blog can not only alert people to
upcoming events and exhibitions (and tell them a little more detail than a

website calendar or an email blast can), but they can extend
programming by adding an online component. Perhaps you want to whet your
audience’s whistle prior to an upcoming exhibition of new art – if you can post
some images online and discuss them, or give some background about the artists,
then your blog can be a great teaching tool as well as a PR tool.

Blog Platforms

This is a moving
target. What I write about blog platforms in 2011 will likely be obsolete by
2013. Blogger.com* (owned by Google) and WordPress.com are currently the most
popular (this post is on WordPress). Blogger is more user-friendly for a
novice, while WordPress offers a more ‘rich’ environment in which to add tools
and “widgets” to your blog for the ultimate in customization. Nina Simon’s
popular “Museum 2.0” blog (
http://museumtwo.blogspot.com
) is on the Blogger platform, while The Virginia Historical Society’s blog is
on WordPress (
http://vahistorical.wordpress.com/
).

Both of these platforms are highly functional and do not
require an IT professional to create them (I have created both. I have an MAT
in Elementary Education and – in addition to 8 years of teaching & administration
experience – 7 years of experience working in communications – I have no IT
training or skills to speak of). A newer platform that is quickly becoming
popular is Tumblr, which seems to lend itself more to shorter blog posts and
photo blogs.

*To confirm my
‘moving target’ assertion, Google is planning on re-naming Blogger “Google
Blogs” as part of its Google + “push” this summer. Indeed, by the time you read
this, it may have happened. (Read an article about the changeover from
Mashable:
http://mashable.com/2011/07/05/google-bloggerpicasa-rebranding/
)

10 Blogging Tips +
1

1. Starting a blog is easy and free – the platforms I’ve
already mentioned – Blogger, WordPress, and Tumblr, are all free and
user-friendly.

2. Strive to post once a week. If this seems unlikely, think
twice about starting a blog.

3. Turnaround is fair play. If you want to establish
readership in your blog, take some time to visit others’ blogs. Leave comments
and participate. You can recommend your favorite blogs in your blog’s “blogroll.”
(If you find a museum blog you like, check out their blogroll – you may find
more blogs that interest you).

4. Keep your posts
short. No one wants to read your thesis on blogger. Focus on being clear and
succinct – a good rule of thumb is 200 – 500 words per post.

5. Blogging is not a sprint – it’s a marathon. You will not
begin getting feedback immediately. Don’t get discouraged. Keep up your blog,
and keep the content interesting and the voice engaging, and your blog will
develop a readership.

6. Encourage your readers to comment. Think about ending
some of your posts with a question, giving an opinion and inviting reactions,
or asking for advice.

7. Remember that readers want information. It’s certainly
not difficult to find information on the Web. But it is difficult to find it
from a trusted, reliable source. Your museum likely has some expertise in a specific
area that will be of interest to your readers and followers.

8. Develop your own style. What keeps readers coming back is
you—your voice, your style, your point of view and your clear, polished
writing. Don’t be afraid to let your personality shine through.

9. Have occasional guests. You DO want to develop a
consistent “voice” on the blog, but guest bloggers and outside ‘experts’ offer
fresh perspectives and may entice new audiences to your blog. Plus, it takes the
burden off of the ‘default’ author. I try to schedule guest bloggers during
weeks when I know I’ll be extremely busy putting together a newsmagazine, or
when I’m going on vacation.

10. Use visuals. It is easier than ever, with tools such as
Google’s Picasa or Yahoo’s Flickr, and YouTube, to embed images and video into
your blog.

11. Keep it fun. You should be having a good time with your
blog (if you’re not, ask yourself why you’re doing it). If you are having fun
and your passion shines through, then people are going to enjoy reading it and
will come back for more.

There are Good
Ones Out There!

As stated by Nina Simon of the popular Museum 2.0 blog, “I
believe that the museum blogosphere is still underdeveloped and there’s lots of
room for people to share their inspiration, experience, and ideas.” Check out
the rest of her post, where she outlines six museum-related blogs that show
promise (December 2010:
http://museumtwo.blogspot.com/2010/12/six-museum-related-blogs-you-mightnot.html
).

We did our own research and found successful and innovative
museum-related blogs. Here are just a few:

Wilton House Museum’s Found in the Collection: http://foundinthecollection.blogspot.com

Hermitage Museum and Gardens’ Hermitage Collection
Connection:

http://hermitagemuseum.wordpress.com
These are two innovative blogs that use the museum collections to give life to
the blog posts. The blog posts reciprocate by giving life to objects, telling
their stories, and discussing the overall story the museum has to tell in the
process.

Library of Virginia:

Multiple Exposure: Catablog of the Prints and Photographs
Collection at the Library of

Virginia http://www.virginiamemory.com/blogs/multiple_exposure/
Out of the Box: Notes from the Archives at the Library of Virginia
http://www.virginiamemory.com/blogs/out_of_the_box/

The LVA has two blogs. They’ve used the first, their
“Catablog,” to post prints and photographs from their collection. The second is
similar to the Wilton House and Hermitage blogs in that it focuses on
collections from the LVA archives. I think these collections-focused blogs are
great because they not only enrich the experience of learning about the
collection for visitors, but they extend the museum’s reach and ‘flavor’ well
beyond their walls by hosting ‘conversations’ about their collections for a
worldwide audience.

Gari Melcher’s Home and Studio at Belmont: Special Events
blog

This is a smart marketing move, aimed at people who may want
to rent facilities at Belmont for a special event such as a wedding. Chocked
full of great pictures and stories, I’m sure it’s enticing for those looking
for such a venue!

Smithsonian’s National Postal Museum’s Pushing the Envelope:
http://postalmuseumblog.si.edu/ This is an interesting blog in that it
highlights the history behind various stamp designs, and it shares the content
of letters written at different times in history. It’s a smart move for this museum
to have a blog, since they have a lot to offer the
very-niche-but-also-very-passionate audience of stamp collectors around the
world.

These are two great blogs to follow if you are interested in
timely museum topics in general (in addition to the VAM blog at
http://vamuseums.blogspot.com). They offer up interesting topics that museums
across the country and world are grappling with. They are great resources for
museum professionals.

April 14, 2011

Small Museum Network Gets Results

  The Eastern Shore of Virginia Museum Network was formed 2 years ago in this small rural community separated from mainland Virginia by the Chesapeake Bay. Comprised of 6 small museums and the public library, the network collaborates on a variety of projects. The latest is a brochure of the regions history during the Civil War to commemorate the Sesquicentennial. Each of the participating museums has a role to play in the production of the brochure and since each museum represents a different perspective-from house museum, railway museum, history museum and natural history museum there will be much to discuss in the brochure.

Funding for the brochure comes in the form of a small grant from the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (VFH). Read more…

February 24, 2011

Small Museum with a Big Footprint

     The Historic Crab Orchard Museum & Pioneer Park in Tazewell, Virginia interprets the lives of the people who have inhabited the Appalachian region for thousands of years. There is an emphasis however on the early European settlers who moved west from the Tidewater region in the 18th & 19th centuries. Run by a small dedicated staff of 4 full time and 4 part time and nearly 300 volunteers, this is a great place to visit.

The museum has many interesting exhibits that tell the stories of the Native Americans and European settlers who turned the wilderness into a thriving but isolated community. The railroad, coal mining, military history and the cultural heritage of the region are featured. The barn gallery tells the story of agriculture and features the implements that helped the settlers turn the wilderness into land for farming. Read more…

February 14, 2011

Small Museums: Stage Three Improving Collections Storage with a Larger Budget

 

Six Simple Steps: Improve Your Collections Storage for a Few More Dollars or Donations!

 Bigger Bucks – Now that you’ve done such a great job organizing your storage you can ask for donations! Show your board what you’ve accomplished and show them what you still need to protect those valuable collections. Ask for donations from members, local businesses or foundations to help fund these items. Use the photos you’ve taken to document your progress!

  • If you have space to hang clothing, make padded hangers for each item, hang them on a clothing rack and cover it with a washed muslin dust cover; if not, pad clothing, textiles and dimensional items with acid-free tissue; wrap small items in acid-free tissue or washed muslin and box them; pad and roll large flat textiles with the decorative side out and wrap them in a washed muslin cover.  
  • House books (especially those with damaged bindings) in adjustable acid-free book covers.  
  • Flatten maps, prints or other large documents and store them in a lockable metal flat file cabinet. Read more…
February 11, 2011

Small Museums: Stage Two-Improve Collections Storage for Just a Few Dollars!

 

Six Simple Steps: Improve Your Collections Storage for Just a Few Dollars!

A few dollars can help you make a big difference. Be sure to ask your local hardware store for donations or a discount on some of these items. Take photos of your progress!

  • Purchase acid-free storage boxes, files, envelopes, etc. as needed, and test old paper-based storage materials with a pH pen to ensure they are still acid-free, replace them with new ones.

  • Take a look inside your storage boxes. Are documents, file folders, books, objects, etc. leaning against one another or sliding down in the box and curling? Make acid-free rigid supports/spacers to put inside the boxes so that the contents stay upright and are fully supported.

  • Line wood shelf units with a barrier of acid-free mat board or inert foam sheeting; use barrier materials of acid-free mat board or inert foam material as needed between objects. Read more…

February 4, 2011

Small Museums: Improve Collections Storage at No Cost!

 

Improving your collections storage doesn’t have to cost big bucks! You can make a big difference just by doing a little housecleaning and reorganizing. Follow these six simple steps. Take photos of your progress!

Get Started:

  • Designate a space just for collections storage! It should be a clean, dry space, preferably separate from other activities, ideally one that can be locked. (If all you have is a small space that must be shared with other storage or activities, separate them as much and as clearly as possible.)
  • Remove any non-collection items (cleaning and exhibit supplies, sales items, office furniture and equipment, etc.) from the collections storage space and store them separately; remove and dispose of any inappropriate materials (broken equipment, cardboard boxes, paint cans, etc.)
  • Avoid using collections pieces such as original furniture for storage: remove any items inside them and store them in acid-free materials. Read more…
December 6, 2010

Practical Matters of using Smart Phone Technology in Museums

  Museums that use technology can provide new ways to attract younger audiences to interact with and learn from exhibits. One new method is by using bar code symbols that can be “read” by smart phones, after reading the code, the phone automatically connects to a website that contains information about the place where the symbol is placed. QR codes (Quick Response) are black and white bar codes that allow the visitor to scan the code with their phone and that in turn brings them to the museum website. QR codes are widely used in industry to mark and inventory objects. The drawback is that they cannot be easily changed, point only to one website, they are in black and white and cannot be custom designed.

Microsoft, however, has designed bar code symbols that can be custom designed to reflect the museum logo, brand or some other symbol that is chosen to represent the museum and can be designed in color or black and white. Read more…

October 19, 2010

SWOT Analysis Helps Small Museums Plan

Successful small museums use strategic planning as a tool to insure that the mission and program of the institution are up to date and meet the needs of the museums’ constituents in the current environment and into the future. An important aspect of strategic planning is performing a SWOT analysis. SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. By examining each of these elements an organization can better understand where it stands and therefore can identify the strategies that will lead to success. Strengths and weaknesses focus on internal factors, while opportunities and threats focus on the external; using this information will allow for successful planning.

  • Strengths may include the museums assets and collections, uniqueness, staff, membership, location, or community support.
  • Weaknesses may be seen as inadequate space to expand exhibitions, poor cash flow, too many objects in storage, too few visitors, unclear mission, inadequate staffing, lack of sustainable funding, inadequate security.
  • Opportunities may include focusing on marketing through social networking, websites and blogs; collaborating with other museums/community groups; revising mission; or offering focused programs to groups with a strong community presence.
  • Threats may include competition from other organizations; loss of public funding; drop in attendance by school groups; or public reliance on interactive entertainment. Read more…
October 1, 2010

Small Museums Benefit by Attending AASLH Conference

“The annual meeting of the American Association for State & Local History was held in Oklahoma City last week. The meeting was really very well organized for the 900+ museum staffers that attended. Because it was held in the West a special series of programming was offered for Native American museums. The keynote speaker was NPR’s own Susan Stamburg who spoke of her long association with and appreciation of museums and the work they do. Gerard Baker, a Mandan-Hidatsa indian from North Dakota also made a keynote address. As the recently retired superintendent of the Mount Rushmore National Park, he spoke of his long association with the Park Service and his fight to include Native voices in the interpretation of our National Parks. Mr. Baker’s talk was the highlight of the “Tribal Track” presentations. 

“All of the sessions that I attended were well organized and offered good information. I helped facilitate a session on “which history, whose history” which offered participants an opportunity to discuss what truths their visitors would like to know and whether they are the same as those that we offer in our interpretations. It was a lively and thoughtful discussion that helped participants think about what is important to their visitors. Following this same theme I attended a strategic planning session for small museums which uses survey and other forms of communication with audiences to help formulate the vision of the museum. And then attended a session on money vs mission which discussed staying true to one’s mission while developing new sources of funding. Read more…

September 16, 2010

IRS To Revoke Tax Exempt Status of Some Small Museums-Relief Available

The IRS has announced that small tax exempt organizations that have failed to submit required tax forms will automatically have their tax exempt status revoked after October 15, 2010. The rules have changed as a result of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 which requires revocation of tax exempt status for those failing to file for 3 consecutive years. The IRS is providing one-time relief for such organizations that normally file form 990N or 99EZ. This limited relief program helps small organizations preserve their status, but does not excuse them from reporting; the organizations affected by the ruling are those with gross receipts of $25,000 or less (990N) and those with gross receipts of less than $100,000 and total assets of less than $250,000 (990EZ).  To comply with the relief program 990N filers must submit their forms online prior to October 15, 2010. More… Read more…